KINON D3 x 30 tabl
QUINON D3 tablets * 30
Bone mineralization process
In the human body, all organs and systems are closely connected. The normal functioning of one system affects the proper functioning of other systems. In the human body, processes of production and degradation are constantly taking place, the balance between which is of particular importance in the formation and maintenance of normal bone tissue.
Bone tissue is composed of bone cells and a hard intercellular substance (matrix) mineralized with calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate, which give bones their strength. Bone cells called osteoclasts break down old and damaged bone tissue. Another type of cell - osteoblasts - produce and form new bone tissue. Bone growth and mineralization are most intense during childhood and adolescence. Maximum bone mass is reached around 30 years of age. Later, bone weight decreases. In women, bone loss is exacerbated by hormonal changes before and during menopause.
The precise balance between the process of osteoclast-initiated breakdown and building of bone by osteoblasts is very important for health. It can be disturbed not only due to a lack of calcium or hormonal imbalance, but also due to a deficiency of specific vitamins and trace elements in the food diet or due to their poor absorption. If this continues for a long time, the bones lose density and weight, become more fragile and often break even from minor trauma. This condition is called osteoporosis or the so-called "silent epidemic". It develops unnoticed, and a person understands that he has this problem only when a bone is broken. According to information from the International Osteoporosis Foundation, the disease develops in one in three women and one in five men over the age of 50. The possibility of developing osteoporosis is said to depend on the amount of bone mineral that accumulates at a younger age. For this reason, it is very important not only to get calcium through food, but also to have a normal calcium metabolism in our body at any age.
Role of vitamin K in the mineralization process
Vitamin K plays an important role in the mineralization process because it activates osteocalcin, released by osteoblasts, which is able to bind calcium and accumulate it in bones. If the protein is not activated properly, it does not bind calcium and the mineral remains as an excess in the blood. There are studies that show that a lack of vitamin K and an excess of calcium in the bloodstream can lead to the formation of calcium deposits on the walls of blood vessels, which contributes to their calcification.
Vitamin K Facts
The human body does not store vitamin K. Very small amounts can be found in the liver and bones. They are only enough for a few days.
Vitamin K may be lacking in the body in case of abnormal absorption (especially with long-term use of antibiotics and anticoagulants). In addition, the need for this vitamin to maintain bone health may be greater than the amount normally taken in through food.
Vitamin K comes in two forms: Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), which is found in plants, and vitamin K2 (menaquinone), which is found in meats, egg yolks, and dairy products. The most vitamin K2 is contained in a Japanese fermented soybean food product. The vitamin is also synthesized by the intestinal microflora of the body.
Menaquinone-7 (the form of vitamin K2) is said to remain in the blood serum longer than any other form of vitamin K. It is very well absorbed by the human body.
It has been proven that vitamin K is involved in the process of mineralization of bones and is important for their normal condition, their structure, construction and maintenance.
Vitamin K is involved in the activation of osteocalcin, which has the ability to bind calcium and is produced by osteoblasts, thus supporting the process of bone mineralization. In the absence of the vitamin, the calcium-binding protein becomes inactive, which disrupts bone mineralization processes.
Studies have shown that the lack of vitamin K2 in the body or its poor absorption affects the loss of bone mass, increases the risk of osteoporosis and bone fragility. Therefore, it is important that the human body receives a sufficient amount of it.
Vitamin K2 has been found to be involved in the activation of matrix Gla protein (MGP), which inhibits the accumulation of calcium in the aorta and other blood vessels. Studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency can cause cardiovascular calcification.
A summary study conducted over 10 years with the participation of 4,807 elderly people (aged 55 and older) showed that a greater intake of vitamin K2 was associated with a lower degree of aortic calcification and, accordingly, with - low incidence of coronary heart disease.
Role of vitamin D in the mineralization process
Produced in the skin or ingested in the diet, vitamin D is transported via the lymphatic system into the venous circulation and can be stored and then released by fat cells. Circulating vitamin D is bound to vitamin-D-binding protein, which transports it to the liver, where the vitamin is converted to 25-hydroxyvitamin D. This form of vitamin D is biologically inactive and must be converted in the kidneys to biologically active. Serum phosphorus, calcium, and fibroblast growth factors can increase or decrease the production of biologically active vitamin D, which improves calcium absorption in the small intestine by increasing the expression of epithelial calcium channels. Only 10% - 15% of dietary calcium and about 60% of phosphorus can be absorbed in the absence of vitamin D.
Biologically active vitamin D also helps induce osteoclast maturation. Mature osteoclasts remove calcium and phosphorus from bones, maintaining their levels in the blood. Adequate levels of both minerals support skeletal mineralization.
Vitamin D facts
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) is a fat-soluble vitamin. It can be taken from foods of animal origin, but its quantities there are not large. Most vitamin D3 is found in oilier fish (salmon, herring, eel), egg yolk, liver, butter and cheese.
Vitamin D3 can be synthesized in the deeper epidermal layers of human skin under the influence of ultraviolet (UV-B) solar radiation and heat. Deficiency of the vitamin is not usually observed in people living around the equator, where there is no lack of sunlight throughout the year.
There are several reasons leading to vitamin D deficiency and deficiency in adults: genetic factors, dietary habits, lack of sufficient sunlight or sun protection, and disorders of certain body functions. More vitamin D is needed in certain diseases of the liver and kidneys, as well as reduced intestinal absorption, especially in older patients. Obesity is also thought to reduce the amount of vitamin D available because it is derived from body fat.
Based on an assessment of the latest scientific evidence on skeletal and non-skeletal effects of vitamin D, the practical guideline for vitamin D supplementation in the Central European population recommends a daily intake for adults of 800 - 2000 IU (20 - 50 μg). Additional intake throughout the year is recommended if the synthesis of the vitamin is not guaranteed in the summer, especially in the elderly.
Severe and prolonged overdose of vitamin D can be dangerous. Therefore, the experts of the European Food Safety Agency (EFSA) evaluate the safety of using the vitamin. They believe that an amount of 4000 IU (100 μg) can be safely used daily by adults, the elderly and children over 11 years of age. For mature individuals and the elderly with obesity, the highest average daily intake of vitamin D that carries no risk of adverse effects is 10,000 IU (1250 μg).
Adequate vitamin D intake is necessary to achieve the amount sufficient for normal bone and tooth mineralization throughout childhood and adolescence and for bone maintenance in adults and elderly patients. The low amount of the vitamin leads to a decrease in bone mineral accumulation in children and adolescents, accelerates the loss of bone density and increases the risk of developing osteoporosis.
The primary physiological function of vitamin D is to maintain serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations within a range necessary for cellular processes, neuromuscular function, and bone hardening. The vitamin accomplishes these functions by increasing the efficiency of the small intestine to absorb calcium and phosphorus from food and by mobilizing both minerals from bone.
Vitamin D has been found to contribute to maintaining normal muscle function. Muscle weakness is associated with Vitamin Deficiency Syndrome. Clinical symptoms of vitamin D deficiency-induced myopathy include muscle weakness, diffuse muscle pain, and impaired gait
Vitamin D also affects immunity. It is involved in the normal functioning of the immune system and modulates the inflammatory response.
The importance of vitamins K and D is beyond doubt, but not all aspects of their action have been fully investigated. Scientists continue to conduct studies in order to determine the full importance of these vitamins for the human body.
Quinone D3 is a dietary supplement for bones. Vitamin K and vitamin D contribute to maintaining their normal state.
Composition of 1 tablet:
Quinone (menaquinone-7 - vitamin K2 extracted from soy by fermentation) - 100 μg (133 of PDP);
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) - 10 μg (200% of RDI).
*PDP - Recommended daily intake.
Method of use:
It is recommended that adults take 1 tablet per day with a meal.
Do not exceed the indicated recommended dose.
Food supplements should not be used as a substitute for a varied diet.
A balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle are very important.
Please consult your doctor before taking Quinone D3 if you are on oral anticoagulant therapy.
Storage conditions:
To be stored in a dry place, inaccessible to children, at a temperature below 25°C.
Packaging: 30 tablets.
Manufacturer: Valentis AG, Switzerland.
