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A sore throat is an unpleasant condition that almost everyone has likely experienced at least once in their life. It can occur due to a variety of reasons and requires taking measures at the first signs of the problem.
In this article, we will share some of the most effective methods for treating sore throat in both adults and children. Additionally, we will highlight some of the main causes of this condition, as well as the symptoms you may experience if your throat is inflamed.
What is a sore throat?
A sore throat, also known as pharyngitis, is a painful sensation at the back of the throat. This feeling arises when the mucous membrane of the throat becomes irritated. The condition can lead to difficulty breathing, swallowing, and speaking.
Types of throat inflammation
Throat inflammation can be of two types – acute and chronic pharyngitis.
Acute pharyngitis
Acute pharyngitis is a condition that often develops suddenly. Usually, it subsides within 7 to 10 days and does not return if treated according to a doctor’s recommendations.
Chronic pharyngitis
Chronic pharyngitis is a long-lasting inflammation that can persist from two weeks to several months. Its symptoms are milder than those of acute pharyngitis but significantly more persistent. Even if you manage to relieve the discomfort, it may return after a short period. That is why it is crucial to consult a doctor who can identify the cause and prescribe appropriate treatment to manage chronic pharyngitis.
Risk factors
A sore throat can affect anyone. However, some risk factors increase the likelihood of developing this condition. Let’s look at some of the main ones:
Age
As you may know, children’s immune systems are generally weaker than those of adults. That is why people under 15 years old are among the most vulnerable to sore throat. The same applies to people over 65, whose immune systems are also weakened.
Season
The season is another factor that can increase the risk of sore throat. It is more likely to occur during autumn or winter when viruses and bacteria spread more easily.
Exposure to irritants
Exposure to irritants can also raise the chance of developing a sore throat. One of the main irritants is cigarette smoke. If you are a smoker or frequently spend time in smoky environments, it is advisable to quit smoking or avoid spending prolonged time in enclosed spaces where smoking occurs.
Another major irritant is polluted air, which is often a problem for those living in large cities. To cope with polluted air, it is advisable to wear a mask if necessary and maintain good air quality at home using air purifiers.
Poor personal hygiene
Maintaining good hand hygiene is extremely important. It can protect you from many health issues, including sore throat. We recommend washing your hands regularly and avoiding touching your mouth with unclean hands. It is also advisable to use antibacterial gel or wipes to clean your hands while outside.
Enclosed spaces
Enclosed spaces are often places where viruses and infections spread easily. If you work in an office or shopping center, you are at higher risk of catching an infection that could lead to a sore throat.
Indoor spaces are even more dangerous for young children, as they have weaker immune systems. If your child attends daycare, kindergarten, or similar, there is a high chance they might get sick and complain of irritation and pain in the throat.
Straining the voice
You don’t need to have a viral infection to experience throat discomfort. If you often need to speak loudly or sing, you are probably straining your vocal cords, which can lead to throat inflammation.
Causes of sore throat
Sore throat can arise from various causes, with viral infections being the most common. Diseases that can cause pharyngitis include:
- Common cold
- Seasonal flu
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Chickenpox
- Measles
- Coronavirus
- Croup (upper respiratory tract infection in children)
- Bacterial infection
Sore throat can also appear due to other reasons, which we will explore below.
Allergies
Allergies are a frequent cause of sore throat. They can be triggered by dust, mold, pets, etc. Allergies often cause persistent runny nose, which can further irritate the throat.
Dryness
Indoor air is usually dry. Spending long periods in such environments can cause irritation and pain in the throat. Breathing through the mouth can also cause dry and sore throat.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
It is less known that some digestive system disorders can cause throat inflammation. GERD is characterized by stomach acid reflux into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. This condition can also cause hoarseness, throat pain, and the sensation of a lump in the throat.
Symptoms of sore throat
Sore throat can have many symptoms. Some of the main ones are:
- Pain that worsens when swallowing or talking
- Scratchy sensation in the throat
- Feeling of a foreign object in the throat
- Swollen and red tonsils
- White spots on the tonsils
- Hoarseness
- Treatment of sore throat in children
If your child has a sore throat, it is highly recommended to see a doctor immediately. After examination, the doctor may recommend specialized medications for children, such as lozenges or throat pastilles. Most of these have a pleasant sweet taste, making it easier for your child to take the medicine without fuss.
Treatment of sore throat in adults
Sore throat is a condition that can be cured quickly if you take the right steps. It is important to consult your doctor, who will recommend the most suitable medication for you.
If you have a sore throat without a fever, the doctor might advise you to use a spray or lozenges to relieve the discomfort quickly and effectively. However, if you experience other symptoms such as difficulty breathing, pain when swallowing, or high fever, contact your doctor soon, as you may need antibiotics.
Home remedies for sore throat
If your doctor determines that your condition is not severe, you can try some home remedies to relieve throat inflammation. Of course, it is recommended to discuss these options with your healthcare provider before trying them. Here are some home remedies for sore throat:
Honey
Honey is well known for its health benefits. It can soothe the symptoms of sore throat and reduce irritation and pain.
Baking soda
One effective method is gargling with baking soda dissolved in water. Mix half a teaspoon of baking soda in warm water and gargle for a few seconds. Regular gargling can kill viruses and bacteria causing discomfort.
Ginger
Ginger has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce pain and irritation in the throat. Boil a few pieces of ginger, strain the liquid, and add a spoonful of honey for better taste and enhanced effect.
Chamomile tea
Chamomile tea is known for its soothing effect. Drinking warm chamomile tea several times a day can significantly relieve throat discomfort. To prepare, boil about two tablespoons of dried chamomile flowers in one liter of water.
Conclusion
A sore throat is an unpleasant condition that can affect anyone. To overcome it, you need to consult a doctor who can guide you to the most appropriate treatment. This is the only way to ensure a quick recovery so you can return to your normal daily routine free from throat irritation and pain.
