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One of the most effective ways to combat the flu is to be more mindful in our daily lives—both at home and at work. By following some general precautionary measures, we can save ourselves a lot of trouble or at least prevent our health from deteriorating. Here’s how:
Flu Transmission
The flu is a highly contagious disease. The virus spreads either by inhaling infected droplets in the air or by direct contact with contaminated secretions from an infected person (such as kissing, sharing tissues, spoons, or forks). Contact with smooth surfaces like door handles and phones can also transfer the virus from the hands to the nose and mouth, allowing it to enter the body.
A person with the flu remains contagious for up to seven days after symptoms begin, although the virus can be detected in secretions up to 24 hours before symptoms appear. This means that someone can spread the virus a day before they even realize they are sick. In young children, the virus may still be present in secretions even in the second week of illness.
Flu Symptoms
Symptoms usually appear suddenly and may include:
- High fever (often very high)
- Joint and muscle pain, eye pain
- General weakness and extreme fatigue
- Headache
- Dry cough
- Sore and painful throat
- Runny or blocked nose
- Vomiting or diarrhea (more common in children)
Preventive Measures
Limit contact with infected individuals. If avoiding contact is impossible, keep a distance of at least one meter. This significantly reduces the likelihood of inhaling infected droplets released during coughing or sneezing.
Wear a mask. Avoid allowing children or elderly individuals to come into contact with flu patients. Wearing a surgical mask, which can be found in any pharmacy, is recommended.
Keep the air humid. Drink plenty of fluids (at least 1.5–2 liters per day) and use a humidifier in your living space. This helps prevent dryness of the respiratory tract mucosa, maintaining its resistance to viral invasion.
Drink warm beverages. Consuming warm drinks helps relieve nasal congestion and throat pain. Inhaling steam from herbal infusions can soothe throat and tracheal irritation. Soluble flu medications can be taken after consulting a doctor or pharmacist.
